This interactive map has been designed to help employers better understand active ban-the-box laws at the state, county, and local level, and help them determine when they can inquire into and use an applicant’s criminal history for employment purposes. This map is geared specifically toward private employers only.
Ban the Box and Fair Chance Hiring Laws
The chart below describes “Ban-the-Box” and Fair Chance hiring laws for private employers by jurisdiction. For more information on an individual jurisdiction’s law, click the link in the jurisdiction’s name. Note that the information contained in each state/local summary contains the highlights and is not meant to be a comprehensive discussion of each ban the box law and also does not include other employment laws that might restrict employer consideration of criminal records, including in California, Illinois, New York, and Wisconsin. Moreover, any notice requirements in a state/local law may be in addition to and, thus, do not replace pre-adverse and adverse action notice requirements under the Fair Credit Reporting Act. Finally, employers in all jurisdictions should be mindful of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s guidance on employer consideration of arrests and convictions for employment purposes. Employers should always speak with experienced employment counsel about any legal requirements that may apply to their given situation.
Ban the Box Jurisdictions by State
State / Jurisdiction | When Employers May Ask | Effective / Modified Date |
---|---|---|
CALIFORNIA | After conditional offer of employment
| Jan. 1, 2018
|
Los Angeles | After conditional offer of employment
| Jan. 22, 2017
|
San Francisco | After conditional offer of employment
| Oct. 01, 2018
|
COLORADO | After initial written application is submitted
| June 24, 2019
|
CONNECTICUT | After initial written application is submitted
| Jan. 1, 2017
|
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | After conditional offer of employment
| Dec. 17, 2014
|
FLORIDA | ||
City of Gainesville | After conditional offer of employment
| January 2023
|
HAWAII | After conditional offer of employment
| July 15, 1998
|
ILLINOIS | After the applicant has been deemed qualified for the position and notified that he or she has been selected for an interview (or, if no interview, after a conditional offer of employment)
| Sept. 15, 2020
|
Chicago | After conditional offer of employment
| Apr. 24, 2023
|
IOWA | ||
Waterloo | After conditional offer of employment
| July 1, 2020
|
MAINE | During an interview or after the applicant has been determined qualified for the position
| |
MARYLAND | After initial interview
| Feb. 29, 2020
|
Baltimore | After conditional offer of employment
| Aug. 13, 2014
|
Montgomery County | After conditional offer of employment
| Jan. 1, 2015
|
Prince George’s County | After initial interview
| Jan. 3, 2015
|
MASSACHUSETTS | After initial interview
| Oct. 13, 2018
|
MINNESOTA | After conditional offer of employment
| Jan. 1, 2014
|
MISSOURI | ||
Columbia | After conditional offer of employment
| Jan. 1, 2014
|
Kansas City | After initial interview
| June 9, 2018
|
St. Louis | After initial interview
| Jan. 1, 2021
|
NEW JERSEY | After initial interview
| March 1, 2015
|
NEW MEXICO | After initial written application is submitted
| July 1, 2019
|
NEW YORK | ||
New York City | After conditional offer of employment
| July 29, 2021
|
Buffalo | After initial interview
| June 10, 2013
|
Rochester | After initial interview
| Nov. 18, 2014
|
Suffolk County | After initial interview
| Aug. 25, 2020
|
Westchester County | After initial application is submitted
| March 3, 2019
|
OREGON | After initial interview
| Jan. 1, 2016
|
Portland | After conditional offer of employment
| July 1, 2016
|
PENNSYLVANIA | ||
Philadelphia | After conditional offer of employment
| March 14, 2016
|
RHODE ISLAND | After initial interview
| Jan. 1, 2014
|
TEXAS | ||
Austin | After conditional offer of employment
| March 24, 2016
|
VERMONT | During the initial interview or once the applicant has been deemed otherwise qualified for the position
| July 1, 2017
|
VIRGIN ISLANDS | After conditional offer of employment
| Nov. 10, 2018
|
WASHINGTON | After the applicant is deemed “otherwise qualified” for the position sought
| June 6, 2018
|
Seattle | After an initial screening of applications or resumes to eliminate unqualified applicants
| Nov. 13, 2013
|
Spokane | After initial job interview
| June 14, 2018
|
*Please note: Accurate prepared these materials for informational purposes only. These materials are not intended to be comprehensive, and are not a substitute for, and should not be construed as, legal advice. Accurate does not warrant any statements in these materials. Employers should direct questions involving their organization’s compliance with or interpretation or application of laws or regulations and any additional legal requirements that may apply, to their own legal counsel.